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Proximalism · A reader
Page 17 of 25
Contents

Part V Safeguards, Accountability and Taming Malice

Chapter 14The Psychology of Power and Local Safeguards

Structural Defenses Against Charismatic Grift and Petty Tyranny

Essay

How People Get Brainwashed: Michael Gamal’s Step-by-Step Descent into Extremism

Brainwashing rarely looks dramatic from the inside. It unfolds in small steps that feel completely normal at the time. A person starts with some uncertainty about who they are or what they believe, encounters ideas that speak to their frustrations, finds a community that welcomes them, and slowly adopts positions they once would have rejected.

Michael Gamal lived this process for nearly twenty years. Born in Massachusetts to Coptic Christian Egyptian parents, he became a dedicated pro-Palestinian activist who wanted Israel destroyed. He even converted to Islam, largely to align himself fully with the cause. His story shows how ordinary people can slide into extremism without ever thinking they are being manipulated.

Here is how it happened, step by step.

Michael grew up feeling disconnected from both his family’s Coptic Orthodox faith and from American identity. He described himself as rootless during his teenage years. That lack of solid grounding left him open to finding meaning somewhere else.

Around age nine, he read a children’s book about the Arab-Israeli wars. Egypt had lost every conflict. The story left him with a quiet sense of humiliation on behalf of his heritage. It was not full hatred yet, just the beginning of a grievance that later stories would build upon.

After the September 11 attacks, when Michael was thirteen or fourteen, people began treating him as “the Arab kid.” Comments like “go back to Egypt” made him feel marked and unwelcome in his own country. This experience pushed him to seek solidarity with those who shared similar backgrounds or faced similar prejudice.

At seventeen, he moved to California and got involved with pro-Palestinian activism. The movement offered him something he had been missing: a clear purpose, friends, and a strong sense of belonging. The more time he spent in those circles, the more the dominant narratives took hold. Israel became the villain in every story. Palestinians were always the victims.

Over time, his involvement deepened. His opposition to Israel grew fierce. He hated the country and what it represented so strongly that he converted to Islam — not out of religious awakening, but as a way to stand completely with the cause.

For almost two decades, this worldview shaped his life. He advocated for the Palestinians with genuine conviction. The social environment and repeated messages reinforced his beliefs until they felt like obvious truth.

The shift began when Michael started running into information that clashed with everything he had accepted. A particular book laid out the extent of the propaganda and lies he had been repeating. He faced growing discomfort with the moral implications of the positions he held. Eventually, he had to choose between the ideology he had built his identity around and his own sense of right and wrong. He chose the latter.

Today Michael speaks openly about his time inside that movement and how he broke free from it.

This pattern shows up across many ideologies today. People searching for identity or nursing some resentment find groups ready to provide both. The steps feel logical and righteous. The community rewards loyalty. Questioning the narrative feels like betrayal.

The process works because each step is small and human. It relies on our genuine needs for meaning, belonging, and explanations for the world’s problems.

Michael’s experience carries a clear lesson for kids, teenagers, and young people especially. The college years make you particularly vulnerable. You step onto campus surrounded by peer pressure from every side, while professors push their own favored narratives in lectures and seminars. It can feel exciting and righteous to join in, but that environment is built to pull you in one direction before you have the tools to push back.

You can inoculate yourself by learning logic, rhetoric, and history. Not just to pile up facts or read a lot of books—plenty of people do that and still end up convinced of dangerous ideas. Real protection comes from developing wisdom and taking the actual lessons history offers. Facts by themselves can be arranged to support almost any path. That is why you also need wiser people in your life—mentors, parents, teachers you trust—who can guide you, help you spot when an argument is being twisted, and steer you toward sound judgment instead of the loudest crowd.

Michael’s story is a reminder that the pull is subtle and the stakes are high. Young people who arm themselves with these tools stand a far better chance of keeping their own minds intact.

https://youtu.be/BlTMmHo0mOU?si=oVEJYYnzgDQQhBzt

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